如何让Hibernate在与JPA一起使用时自动在数据库中创建表？

我是JPA的新手，现在我正在尝试理解标准示例，我在线阅读并看到了一些stackoverflow问题，我在所有这些问题中发现的是以下语句将允许hibernate在运行时创建表。

hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create 

但每当我在mysql数据库中运行没有表的代码时，它会抛出以下错误：

  . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.1.4.RELEASE) 2014-07-24 09:44:25.365 INFO 8496 --- [ main] osdjersimple.SimpleConfiguration : Starting SimpleConfiguration on harmathu-WS with PID 8496 (C:\Songs\spring-data-jpa-examples\spring-data-jpa-example\target\classes started by harmathu in C:\Songs\spring-data-jpa-examples\spring-data-jpa-example) 2014-07-24 09:44:25.421 INFO 8496 --- [ main] scaAnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@429bd883: startup date [Thu Jul 24 09:44:25 IST 2014]; root of context hierarchy 2014-07-24 09:44:26.722 INFO 8496 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 2014-07-24 09:44:26.747 INFO 8496 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [ name: default ...] 2014-07-24 09:44:26.831 INFO 8496 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.5.Final} 2014-07-24 09:44:26.834 INFO 8496 --- [ main] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found 2014-07-24 09:44:26.836 INFO 8496 --- [ main] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist 2014-07-24 09:44:27.172 INFO 8496 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.4.Final} 2014-07-24 09:44:27.390 INFO 8496 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect 2014-07-24 09:44:27.571 INFO 8496 --- [ main] ohhiast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory 2014-07-24 09:44:28.392 WARN 8496 --- [ main] ohhql.internal.ast.HqlSqlWalker : [DEPRECATION] Encountered positional parameter near line 1, column 97. Positional parameter are considered deprecated; use named parameters or JPA-style positional parameters instead. 2014-07-24 09:44:28.567 INFO 8496 --- [ main] osjeaAnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 2014-07-24 09:44:28.591 INFO 8496 --- [ main] osdjersimple.SimpleConfiguration : Started SimpleConfiguration in 3.611 seconds (JVM running for 4.607) 2014-07-24 09:44:28.658 WARN 8496 --- [ main] ohengine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1146, SQLState: 42S02 2014-07-24 09:44:28.659 ERROR 8496 --- [ main] ohengine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Table 'test_auditor.app_user' doesn't exist Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:172) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:155) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:417) at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59) at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213) at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:111) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy56.save(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.data.jpa.example.repository.simple.SimpleConfiguration.main(SimpleConfiguration.java:45) Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:80) at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:190) at org.hibernate.id.IdentityGenerator$GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.executeAndExtract(IdentityGenerator.java:96) at org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:58) at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3032) at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3558) at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:98) at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:490) at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addResolvedEntityInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:195) at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:179) at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addAction(ActionQueue.java:214) at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.addInsertAction(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:324) at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:288) at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:194) at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:125) at org.hibernate.jpa.event.internal.core.JpaPersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(JpaPersistEventListener.java:84) at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:206) at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:149) at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:75) at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:811) at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:784) at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:789) at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1181) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:289) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy49.persist(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:389) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:405) at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:390) at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:344) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:98) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:262) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:95) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136) ... 8 more Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'test_auditor.app_user' doesn't exist at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:408) at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:383) at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1062) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4226) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:4158) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2615) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2776) at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2840) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2082) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2334) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2262) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2246) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:187) ... 49 more 2014-07-24 09:44:28.674 INFO 8496 --- [ Thread-1] scaAnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@429bd883: startup date [Thu Jul 24 09:44:25 IST 2014]; root of context hierarchy 2014-07-24 09:44:28.676 INFO 8496 --- [ Thread-1] osjeaAnnotationMBeanExporter : Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown 2014-07-24 09:44:28.678 INFO 8496 --- [ Thread-1] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Closing JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 

我有application.properties如下：

 ################### DataSource Configuration ########################## spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_auditor spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password= ################### Hibernate Configuration ########################## hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql=true hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create 

Users.java：

 package org.springframework.data.jpa.example.repository.simple; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.NamedQuery; import javax.persistence.Table; import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.AbstractPersistable; /** * Sample user class. * * @author Oliver Gierke * @author Thomas Darimont */ @Entity @Table (name="app_User") @NamedQuery(name = "User.findByTheUsersName", query = "SELECT u FROM User u where u.username = ?") public class User extends AbstractPersistable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -2952735933715107252L; @Column(name="username", unique = true) private String username; @Column (name="firstname") private String firstname; @Column (name="lastname") private String lastname; public User() { this(null); } /** * Creates a new user instance. */ public User(Long id) { this.setId(id); } public User(String username, String firstname, String lastname) { this.firstname = firstname; this.lastname = lastname; this.username = username; } /** * Returns the username. * * @return */ public String getUsername() { return username; } /** * @param username the username to set */ public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } /** * @return the firstname */ public String getFirstname() { return firstname; } /** * @param firstname the firstname to set */ public void setFirstname(String firstname) { this.firstname = firstname; } /** * @return the lastname */ public String getLastname() { return lastname; } /** * @param lastname the lastname to set */ public void setLastname(String lastname) { this.lastname = lastname; } @Override public String toString() { return String.format( "User[id=%d, username='%s', firstName='%s', lastName='%s']", super.getId(), this.username, this.firstname, this.lastname); } } 

简单的Configuration.java：

 package org.springframework.data.jpa.example.repository.simple; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories; /** * @author Oliver Gierke */ @Configuration @PropertySource(value = { "classpath:application.properties" }) @EnableJpaRepositories @EnableAutoConfiguration class SimpleConfiguration { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run( SimpleConfiguration.class); SimpleUserRepository repository = context .getBean(SimpleUserRepository.class); repository.save(new User("harmathu", "Harsh", "Mathur")); repository.save(new User("vibmathu", "Vibhor", "Mathur")); repository.save(new User("jackbau", "Jack", "Bauer")); repository.save(new User("chobr", "Chloe", "O'Brian")); repository.save(new User("kimbau", "Kim", "Bauer")); repository.save(new User("davipa", "David", "Palmer")); repository.save(new User("midess", "Michelle", "Dessler")); Iterable users = repository.findAll(); System.out.println("Users found with findAll():"); System.out.println("-------------------------------"); for (User user : users) { System.out.println(user); } System.out.println(); User user = repository.findOne(1L); System.out.println("User found with findOne(1L):"); System.out.println("--------------------------------"); System.out.println(user); System.out.println(); User bauers = repository.findByTheUsersName("chobr"); System.out.println("User found with findByLastName('Bauer'):"); System.out.println("--------------------------------------------"); System.out.println(bauers); context.close(); } } 

Answer 1

我认为这是Spring Boot问题而不是Spring Data JPA问题。

尝试更改您的属性：

 hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql=true hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create 

至：

 spring.jpa.database=MYSQL spring.jpa.show-sql=true spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create 

http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.1.5.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-configure-jpa-properties

Answer 2

对我来说，看起来Hibernate没有创建表，因为你试图创建与关键字’user’同名的表（但是你没有提供整个日志）。 您可以使用@Table注释更改表的名称，例如’app_user’吗？