Java Swing – 具有3种状态的JCheckbox（完全选中，部分选中和取消选择）
我想要一个有3种状态的JCheckbox ，如下所示：
http://sofzh.miximages.com/java/23wjg3n.jpg
- 部分选中
- 未选择
- 全选
Q1。 我可以将JCheckbox用于上述目的还是必须使用一些自定义摇摆组件？
以下是TristateCheckBox的示例：
http://www.javaspecialists.co.za/archive/Issue145.html
示例显示TristateCheckBox http://img710.imageshack.us/img710/5609/so2701817.png
哦，是的，但你必须创建一个自定义组件。
查看Java专家中的这篇文章，看看它是否适合您。
但它需要OSX中的一些工作。
替代文字http://img717.imageshack.us/img717/7454/capturadepantalla201004np.png
WinXP中：
替代文字http://img691.imageshack.us/img691/8682/capturadepantalla201004n.png
我不知道为什么有人会给这些解决方案添加额外的图标png文件，而java api为覆盖 paintIcon（..）方法提供了很好的function。
确定三态CheckBox立场的最佳轻量级解决方案是IMO ClientProperty属性。
/* * Tri-state checkbox example * @s1w_ */ import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; class TCheckBox extends JCheckBox implements Icon, ActionListener { final static boolean MIDasSELECTED = true; //consider mid-state as selected ? public TCheckBox() { this(""); } public TCheckBox(String text) { super(text); putClientProperty("SelectionState", 0); setIcon(this); addActionListener(this); } public TCheckBox(String text, int sel) { /* tri-state checkbox has 3 selection states: * 0 unselected * 1 mid-state selection * 2 fully selected */ super(text, sel > 1 ? true : false); switch (sel) { case 2: setSelected(true); case 1: case 0: putClientProperty("SelectionState", sel); break; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } addActionListener(this); setIcon(this); } @Override public boolean isSelected() { if (MIDasSELECTED && (getSelectionState() > 0)) return true; else return super.isSelected(); } public int getSelectionState() { return (getClientProperty("SelectionState") != null ? (int)getClientProperty("SelectionState") : super.isSelected() ? 2 : 0); } public void setSelectionState(int sel) { switch (sel) { case 2: setSelected(true); break; case 1: case 0: setSelected(false); break; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } putClientProperty("SelectionState", sel); } final static Icon icon = UIManager.getIcon("CheckBox.icon"); @Override public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) { icon.paintIcon(c, g, x, y); if (getSelectionState() != 1) return; int w = getIconWidth(); int h = getIconHeight(); g.setColor(c.isEnabled() ? new Color(51, 51, 51) : new Color(122, 138, 153)); g.fillRect(x+4, y+4, w-8, h-8); if (!c.isEnabled()) return; g.setColor(new Color(81, 81, 81)); g.drawRect(x+4, y+4, w-9, h-9); } @Override public int getIconWidth() { return icon.getIconWidth(); } @Override public int getIconHeight() { return icon.getIconHeight(); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { TCheckBox tcb = (TCheckBox)e.getSource(); if (tcb.getSelectionState() == 0) tcb.setSelected(false); tcb.putClientProperty("SelectionState", tcb.getSelectionState() == 2 ? 0 : tcb.getSelectionState() + 1); // test System.out.println(">>>>IS SELECTED: "+tcb.isSelected()); System.out.println(">>>>IN MID STATE: "+(tcb.getSelectionState()==1)); } }
用法： TCheckBox tcb = new TCheckBox("My CheckBox");
如果您正在尝试执行复选框树（这是需要三态复选框的常见原因），请查看Jide Commons 。
UI元素JCheckBox不直接支持它，但你可以欺骗它：
//selected checkbox.setSelected(true); //partially selected checkbox.getModel().setPressed(true); checkbox.getModel().setArmed(true); //not selected checkbox.setSelected(false);
当然这只是UI部分，您需要使用自定义模型实现状态机。
您将需要一些包含复选框状态的内容。 我使用自定义模型。
@Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { getModel().setArmedForPaint(isPartial()); getModel().setPressedForPaint(isPartial()); super.paintComponent(g); getModel().setArmedForPaint(null); getModel().setPressedForPaint(null); }
在您的自定义ToggleButtonModel中
@Override public boolean isArmed() { if (armedForPaint != null) { return armedForPaint.booleanValue(); } return super.isArmed(); } @Override public boolean isPressed() { if (pressedForPaint != null) { return pressedForPaint.booleanValue(); } return super.isPressed(); }
我刚刚在Java 8中创建了一个使用/模仿JCheckBox的ThreeStateCheckBox类，具有可调整的行为（例如，它应该对整个宽度，整个高度做出反应，如果组件被布局拉伸，它应该放在哪里？应该用户是否能够影响不确定状态？用户是否能够影响它？），并且在所有标准LookAndFeels中看起来都是正确的（但如果使用Nimbus，则必须提供额外的参数）。 我花了最近5个小时。
演示代码包含在类的顶部。 编辑： 截图
概念：
使用没有文本的普通JCheckBox，因此外观和行为是经典的，因此可以通过paintComponent代码测量框的大小。 为不确定状态绘制填充矩形。 JCheckBox以编程方式设置，自使用ActionListener以来不会触发事件。
布尔值用于表示状态。 类本身不扩展组件，因此它只有基本方法。 所有使用的组件都暴露在外
import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.function.Consumer; /** * ThreeStateCheckBox by dreamspacepresident.com * * v[1, 2015-11-20 13!00 UTC] */ final public class ThreeStateCheckBox { ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // MAIN METHOD FOR TESTS/DEMONSTRATION ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /** * Two checkboxes are shown. The upper one is TreeStateCheckBox, the lower one is the classic JCheckBox. */ public static void main(final String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> { // PICK A LOOKANDFEEL final String lookAndFeelName; lookAndFeelName = "Nimbus"; // lookAndFeelName = "Metal"; // lookAndFeelName = "CDE/Motif"; // lookAndFeelName = "Windows"; // lookAndFeelName = "Windows Classic"; final UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo[] lafis = UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels(); boolean foundLAFI = false; for (UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo lafi : lafis) { if (lafi.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(lookAndFeelName)) { try { UIManager.setLookAndFeel(lafi.getClassName()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } foundLAFI = true; break; } } if (!foundLAFI) { throw new Error("Unknown LookAndFeel: " + lookAndFeelName); } // CREATE AND INITIALIZE COMPONENTS final JFrame window = new JFrame("L&F: " + lookAndFeelName); final JPanel contentPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1)); final String cbDemoText = "bold"; final List cbList = new ArrayList<>(); // Originally, I had more demos planned. I'll leave this here in case you need it. ThreeStateCheckBox cbThreeState; JCheckBox cbClassic; // contentPane.setBackground(Color.MAGENTA); cbThreeState = new ThreeStateCheckBox(cbDemoText, null, false, true, null, null, null, null, false, false, TSCBOrientation.WEST, true, null); // NIMBUS DEMO (because of the gap) // cbThreeState = new ThreeStateCheckBox(cbDemoText); cbClassic = new JCheckBox(cbDemoText); cbList.add(cbThreeState.getComponent()); cbList.add(cbClassic); cbThreeState.setClientCode(b -> System.out.println("CURRENT STATE: " + b.getState() + "; PREVIOUS STATE: " + b.getPreviousState())); cbClassic.addActionListener(e -> System.out.println("CURRENT STATE: " + cbClassic.isSelected())); // cbThreeState.setEnabled(false); // cbClassic.setEnabled(false); // cbClassic.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); // cbThreeState.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); // cbClassic.setOpaque(true); // cbThreeState.setOpaque(true); // cbThreeState.setText("italic"); // cbClassic.setText("italian"); cbThreeState.setUserCanEffectIndeterminateState(true); // LAYOUT COMPONENTS cbList.forEach(contentPane::add); // INITIALIZE AND SHOW WINDOW window.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); window.setContentPane(contentPane); // window.pack(); window.setSize(new Dimension(300, 300)); window.setResizable(false); window.setLocationRelativeTo(null); window.setVisible(true); cbThreeState.setState(null); cbThreeState.setState(false); cbThreeState.setState(true); cbThreeState.callClientCode(); }); } ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // THE ACTUAL CLASS BEGINS HERE ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public enum TSCBOrientation { NORTHWEST, NORTH, NORTHEAST, WEST, CENTER, EAST, SOUTHWEST, SOUTH, SOUTHEAST } final public static Color DEFAULT_COLOR_OF_INDETERMINATE_STATE = new Color(0x222222); final public static Color DEFAULT_COLOR_OF_INDETERMINATE_STATE_WHENDISABLED = new Color(0x7f222222, true); final public static int DEFAULT_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE = 8; final public static int MIN_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE = 2; final private static Map GBC_ORIENTATION = new HashMap<>(); static { GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.NORTHWEST, GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.NORTH, GridBagConstraints.NORTH); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.NORTHEAST, GridBagConstraints.NORTHEAST); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.WEST, GridBagConstraints.WEST); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.CENTER, GridBagConstraints.CENTER); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.EAST, GridBagConstraints.EAST); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.SOUTHWEST, GridBagConstraints.SOUTHWEST); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.SOUTH, GridBagConstraints.SOUTH); GBC_ORIENTATION.put(TSCBOrientation.SOUTHEAST, GridBagConstraints.SOUTHEAST); } final private JPanel allContainer; // Extra step to ensure JCheckBox will have its minimum size. final private JPanel contentContainer; final private JCheckBox checkBox; final private JLabel label; private String text = null; private Boolean state; private Boolean previousState; private boolean userCanEffectIndeterminateState; private boolean userCanAffectIndeterminateState; private Consumer clientCode = null; final private Color colorOfIndeterminateRectangle; final private Color colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled; final private int widthOfIndeterminateRectangle; final private int heightOfIndeterminateRectangle; private boolean enabled = true; public ThreeStateCheckBox() { this(null, false, false, true, null, null, null, null, false, false, TSCBOrientation.WEST, false, null); } public ThreeStateCheckBox(final String text) { this(text, false, false, true, null, null, null, null, false, false, TSCBOrientation.WEST, false, null); } /** * The all-constructor, called by the others. * * @param text checkbox text * @param initialState whether the checkbox initially is not selelected (false), * selected (true), or in indeterminate state (null) * @param userCanEffectIndeterminateState Seriously, it's not that hard. * @param userCanAffectIndeterminateState So learn it already. * @param colorOfIndeterminateRectangle When the state is indeterminate, a filled rectangle (usually * square) will be drawn. The default color (if value here is null) * is a very dark gray which visually works with all LookAndFeels. * (This setting can not be changed later.) * @param colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled Same, except for when the component is not enabled. The color is * the same, except it's only half opaque. * @param widthOfIndeterminateRectangle null = default of 8, otherwise the size of the * indeterminate-rectangle can be defined here. (This setting can * not be changed later.) * @param heightOfIndeterminateRectangle Same. * @param reactAcrossFullWidth The default behavior for standard JCheckBoxes is true - no * matter how far to the right of the box you click, even if there * is no text at all, the box will be clicked. The default behavior * (as per the other constructors) for ThreeStateCheckBox in this * regard is FALSE, however. (This setting can not be changed * later.) * @param reactAcrossFullHeight The default behavior for standard JCheckBoxes is true - no * matter how empty the space above and below is, the box will be * clicked. The default behavior (as per the other constructors) * for ThreeStateCheckBox in this regard is FALSE, however. If this * setting is true, the same setting for width is effectively true, * too, nothing you can do about that. (This setting can not be * changed later.) * @param orientationInAvailableSpace If the component is stretched via its placement in the layout * hierarchy, as opposed to the JCheckBox, the ThreeStateCheckBox * can be positioned in 9 places. (This setting can not be changed * later.) * @param leaveGapBetweenBoxAndLabel Even though JCheckBox's getIconTextGap() is queried to effect a * proper distance, this works only correctly for Nimbus. In all * other cases, the gap is too big compared to the original * JCheckBox. Setting this to false fixes the behavior for all * other LookAndFeels, because it just leave *no* gap at all. * @param clientCode The code to be executed if THE USER clicks the checkbox. The * code will receive a reference to the ThreeStateCheckBox, so they * can query the new (=current) and previous state of it. */ public ThreeStateCheckBox(final String text, final Boolean initialState, final boolean userCanEffectIndeterminateState, final boolean userCanAffectIndeterminateState, final Color colorOfIndeterminateRectangle, final Color colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled, final Integer widthOfIndeterminateRectangle, final Integer heightOfIndeterminateRectangle, final boolean reactAcrossFullWidth, final boolean reactAcrossFullHeight, final TSCBOrientation orientationInAvailableSpace, final boolean leaveGapBetweenBoxAndLabel, final Consumer clientCode) { // INITIALIZE CONSTRUCTOR VALUES state = initialState; previousState = state; this.userCanEffectIndeterminateState = userCanEffectIndeterminateState; this.userCanAffectIndeterminateState = userCanAffectIndeterminateState; if (colorOfIndeterminateRectangle == null) { this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangle = DEFAULT_COLOR_OF_INDETERMINATE_STATE; } else { this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangle = colorOfIndeterminateRectangle; } if (colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled == null) { this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled = DEFAULT_COLOR_OF_INDETERMINATE_STATE_WHENDISABLED; } else { this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled = colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled; } if (widthOfIndeterminateRectangle == null) { this.widthOfIndeterminateRectangle = DEFAULT_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE; } else { this.widthOfIndeterminateRectangle = Math.max(MIN_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE, widthOfIndeterminateRectangle); } if (heightOfIndeterminateRectangle == null) { this.heightOfIndeterminateRectangle = DEFAULT_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE; } else { this.heightOfIndeterminateRectangle = Math.max(MIN_SIZE_OF_INDETERMINATERECTANGLE, heightOfIndeterminateRectangle); } Integer orientation = GBC_ORIENTATION.get(orientationInAvailableSpace); if (orientation == null) { orientation = GridBagConstraints.CENTER; } this.clientCode = clientCode; // CREATE COMPONENTS label = new JLabel(); checkBox = new JCheckBox() { @Override protected void paintComponent(final Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); if (state == null) { final int w = getWidth(); final int h = getHeight(); final int wOdd = w % 2; final int hOdd = h % 2; final int centerX = w / 2; final int centerY = h / 2; final int rwHalf = Math.max(1, ThreeStateCheckBox.this.widthOfIndeterminateRectangle / 2); final int rhHalf = Math.max(1, ThreeStateCheckBox.this.heightOfIndeterminateRectangle / 2); final int rw = rwHalf * 2 + wOdd; final int rh = rhHalf * 2 + hOdd; if (isEnabled()) { g.setColor(ThreeStateCheckBox.this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangle); } else { g.setColor(ThreeStateCheckBox.this.colorOfIndeterminateRectangleWhenDisabled); } g.fillRect(centerX - rwHalf, centerY - rhHalf, rw, rh); } } }; final int gap; if (leaveGapBetweenBoxAndLabel) { gap = checkBox.getIconTextGap(); } else { gap = 0; } contentContainer = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(gap, 0)); allContainer = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout()); // INITIALIZE COMPONENTS setOpaque(false); if (state != null && state) { checkBox.setSelected(true); } setText(text); // LAYOUT COMPONENTS contentContainer.add(checkBox, BorderLayout.WEST); contentContainer.add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER); final GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints(); gbc.anchor = orientation; if (reactAcrossFullWidth) { gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; } gbc.weightx = 1; gbc.weighty = 1; allContainer.add(contentContainer, gbc); // CREATE LISTENERS final ActionListener checkBoxListener = e -> { if (!enabled) { return; } if (state == null) { if (ThreeStateCheckBox.this.userCanAffectIndeterminateState) { setState(false); } else { setState(null); } } else if (!state) { setState(true); } else { if (ThreeStateCheckBox.this.userCanEffectIndeterminateState) { setState(null); } else { setState(false); } } callClientCode(); }; final MouseListener labelAndPanelListener = new MouseAdapter() { final private ButtonModel model = checkBox.getModel(); private boolean lmbIsDown = false; @Override public void mousePressed(final MouseEvent e) { if (e.getButton() == MouseEvent.BUTTON1) { lmbIsDown = true; model.setPressed(true); model.setArmed(true); } } @Override public void mouseReleased(final MouseEvent e) { if (e.getButton() == MouseEvent.BUTTON1) { lmbIsDown = false; model.setPressed(false); model.setArmed(false); } } @Override public void mouseEntered(final MouseEvent e) { model.setArmed(lmbIsDown); } @Override public void mouseExited(final MouseEvent e) { model.setArmed(false); } }; // ASSIGN LISTENERS checkBox.addActionListener(checkBoxListener); checkBox.addMouseListener(labelAndPanelListener); // Necessary or the behavior will look different when the mouse moves while button is down. label.addMouseListener(labelAndPanelListener); contentContainer.addMouseListener(labelAndPanelListener); if (reactAcrossFullHeight) { allContainer.addMouseListener(labelAndPanelListener); } } public void setEnabled(final boolean enabled) { if (enabled == this.enabled) { return; } this.enabled = enabled; checkBox.setEnabled(enabled); label.setEnabled(enabled); contentContainer.setEnabled(enabled); } public boolean isEnabled() { return enabled; } public Color getBackground() { return allContainer.getBackground(); } public void setBackground(final Color color) { if (color == null) { return; } checkBox.setBackground(color); label.setBackground(color); contentContainer.setBackground(color); allContainer.setBackground(color); } public boolean isOpaque() { return allContainer.isOpaque(); } public void setOpaque(final boolean opaque) { checkBox.setOpaque(opaque); label.setOpaque(opaque); contentContainer.setOpaque(opaque); allContainer.setOpaque(opaque); } public JPanel getComponent() { return allContainer; } public JPanel getCenterContainer() { return contentContainer; } public JCheckBox getJCheckBox() { return checkBox; } public JLabel getJLabel() { return label; } public boolean canUserEffectIndeterminateState() { return userCanEffectIndeterminateState; } public void setUserCanEffectIndeterminateState(final boolean userCanEffectIndeterminateState) { this.userCanEffectIndeterminateState = userCanEffectIndeterminateState; } public boolean canUserAffectIndeterminateState() { return userCanAffectIndeterminateState; } public void setUserCanAffectIndeterminateState(final boolean userCanAffectIndeterminateState) { this.userCanAffectIndeterminateState = userCanAffectIndeterminateState; } /** * Sets the state to the new state IF IT IS DIFFERENT, which is relevant because of the previousState variable. * * Does NOT call the client code! You would have to do this yourself. * * @param newState null = indeterminate, false = not selected, true = selected */ public void setState(final Boolean newState) { checkBox.setSelected(newState != null && newState); if (newState == state) { return; } previousState = state; state = newState; checkBox.repaint(); } public Boolean getState() { return state; } public Boolean getPreviousState() { return previousState; } public void setClientCode(final Consumer clientCode) { this.clientCode = clientCode; } public Consumer getClientCode() { return clientCode; } /** * Convenience method so that you don't have to keep the reference around in case you need an extra call. */ public void callClientCode() { if (clientCode != null) { clientCode.accept(this); } } public void setText(final String newText) { if (newText == null || newText.trim().isEmpty()) { text = null; } else { text = newText; } label.setText(text); } public String getText() { return text; } }