如何在TestNg类之间传递WebDriver的单个实例
我无法在网上的任何地方找到一个不同的答案。
我有多个TestNg类来运行测试，BrowserFunctions，登录，搜索，过滤（测试亚马逊的实践）。 我还有一个BrowserLauncher类，它根据浏览器名称和testng.xml文件返回相应的webdriver。
BrowserFunctions.java
public class BrowserFunctions { BrowserLauncher bl = new BrowserLauncher(); WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @BeforeSuite public void initialioseBrowser() { driver = bl.launchBrowser("Firefox"); } @Parameters({ "URL" }) @BeforeSuite public void invokeURL(String URL) { driver.get(URL); } @AfterSuite public void closeBrowser() { driver.close(); } Login.java
public class Login { BrowserLauncher bl = new BrowserLauncher(); WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @Parameters({ "email", "password" }) @Test public void logInTest(String email, String passowrd) { Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKsignInCTA), "Sign in CTA visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKsignInCTA); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKEmailField), "Email field visible"); CommonFunctions.inputToField(driver, PageElements.amzUKEmailField, email); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKPasswordField), "Password field visible"); CommonFunctions.inputToField(driver, PageElements.amzUKPasswordField, passowrd); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKSignInButton), "Sign in button visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKSignInButton); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertEquals(driver.getCurrentUrl(), "https://www.amazon.co.uk/?ref_=nav_ya_signin&"); }
Search.java
public class Search { BrowserLauncher bl = new BrowserLauncher(); WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @Parameters({ "searchTerm" }) @Test public void searchTest(String searchTerm) { Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKSearchField), "Search field visible"); CommonFunctions.inputToField(driver, PageElements.amzUKSearchField, searchTerm); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKSearchButton), "Search button visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKSearchButton); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKResultContainer), "Results container visible"); if (driver.findElements(PageElements.amzUKResultContainer).size() > 0) { List resultContainerList = driver.findElements(PageElements.amzUKResultContainer); for (WebElement w : resultContainerList) { if (w.findElements(PageElements.amzUKResultTitle).size() > 0) { if (w.findElement(PageElements.amzUKResultTitle).getText().contains(searchTerm)) { } else { sb.append(w.findElement(PageElements.amzUKResultTitle).getText() + " does not contain" + searchTerm + "\n"); } } Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKResultImage), "Result image visible"); if (w.findElements(PageElements.amzUKResultImage).size() > 0) { } else { sb.append(w.findElement(PageElements.amzUKResultTitle).getText() + " does not contain an image\n"); } Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKResultPrice), "Result price visible"); if (w.findElements(PageElements.amzUKResultPrice).size() > 0) { if (w.findElement(PageElements.amzUKResultPrice).getText().contains("£")) { } else { sb.append(w.findElement(PageElements.amzUKResultTitle).getText() + " does not contain a price\n"); } } } } System.out.println("searchTest(" + searchTerm + ") Failures:\n" + sb.toString()); }
Filter.java公共类Filter {
BrowserLauncher bl = new BrowserLauncher(); WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @Test public void filterTest() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); List filterOptionsList = new ArrayList(); sb.append(CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKFilterSeeMore)); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKFilterOptions), "Filter options visible"); for (int i = 0; i 0) { driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(s)).click(); }else { sb.append("Link " + s + " not visible"); continue; } driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKFilterAnyCategory), "\"Any Category\" button visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKFilterAnyCategory); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); sb.append(CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKFilterSeeMore)); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } System.out.println("filterTest Failures:\n" + sb.toString()); }
BrowserLauncher.java
public WebDriver launchBrowser(String BrowserName) { if(BrowserName.equalsIgnoreCase("Firefox")) { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); } else if(BrowserName.equalsIgnoreCase("IE")) { DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer(); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true); capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INITIAL_BROWSER_URL, ""); System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:\\Eclipse EE x86 Workspace\\ResidentAdvisorLabels\\IEDriverServer.exe"); driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities); driver.get("javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click();"); } else if(BrowserName.equalsIgnoreCase("Chrome")) { ChromeOptions op = new ChromeOptions(); op.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\Bernard\\Desktop\\Selenium Data"); op.addArguments("--start-maximized"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true); System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Eclipse EE x86 Workspace\\ResidentAdvisorLabels\\chromedriver.exe"); driver = new ChromeDriver(op); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } else if(BrowserName.equalsIgnoreCase("PhantomJS")) { DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("takesScreenshot", false); String d = "\\"; capabilities.setCapability("phantomjs.binary.path", "C:"+d+"Eclipse EE x86 Workspace"+d+"phantomjs-2.0.0-windows"+d+"bin"+d+"phantomjs.exe"); capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true); capabilities.setCapability("load-images", false); driver = new PhantomJSDriver(capabilities); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } return driver; }
的testng.xml
我的问题是，我似乎无法将返回到BrowserFunctions.java类的WebDriver传递给我的测试套件中的其他类，而无需在每个java文件中创建新的WebDriver实例。 我打算打开浏览器，打开URL，然后在同一浏览器窗口中一个接一个地运行3个测试，并在完成后关闭浏览器。
是的，可以在多个类中使用相同的驱动程序实例，而无需每次都关闭浏览器窗口。 抱歉没有太多时间为你的代码设置这个。 但在这里，我为你准备了一个快速的例子。 这肯定会有所帮助。
使用BrowserFunctions.java作为基类。
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.testng.annotations.*; public class BrowserFunctions { public static WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @BeforeSuite public void initialioseBrowser() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); } @AfterSuite public void closeBrowser() { driver.quit(); } }
在其他两个类中inheritance此类：示例，Google.java
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait; import org.testng.annotations.*; public class Google extends BrowserFunctions{ @Test public void google() throws InterruptedException{ driver.get("https://www.google.com"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("lst-ib"))); driver.findElement(By.id("lst-ib")).sendKeys("Bello"); Thread.sleep(5000); } }
和FB.java
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait; import org.testng.annotations.*; public class FB extends BrowserFunctions{ @Test public void google() throws InterruptedException{ driver.get("https://www.fb.com"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30); Thread.sleep(5000); System.out.println("Title"+driver.getTitle()); System.out.println("URL"+driver.getCurrentUrl()); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("day"))); Select day= new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("day"))); day.selectByVisibleText("10"); Select month= new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("month"))); month.selectByVisibleText("Jan"); Select year= new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("year"))); year.selectByVisibleText("1950"); } }
你的Testng.xml有点像这样：
在您的系统上尝试一次，然后使用您的代码尝试类似的东西。 应该有帮助！ 很抱歉在很多地方使用Thread.sleep，你不应该经常使用它。 🙂
我们可以通过将BrowserFunctions扩展到除BrowserLauncher.java之外的所有其他类来实现这一点。
在BrowserFunctions中进行以下更改。
public static WebDriver driver; //instead of WebDriver driver; //you can make only one before suite in that launchBrowser and navigate URL
将此类扩展到除BrowserLauncher.java之外的其他类，并删除“WebDriver驱动程序;”。 以下是前一个
public class Login extends BrowserFunctions{ //WebDriver driver; //just commented you can delete this.
谢谢你，murali
您可以像其他人建议的那样扩展基类，也可以使用TestNG Guicedependency injection 。 例如：
TestModule.class
import com.google.inject.Binder; import com.google.inject.Module; public class TestModule implements Module { @Override public void configure(Binder binder) { BrowserLauncher bl = new BrowserLauncher(); WebDriver driver = bl.launchBrowser("Firefox"); binder.bind(WebDriver.class).toInstance(driver); } }
BrowserFunctions.java
import com.google.inject.Inject; import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite; import org.testng.annotations.Guice; import org.testng.annotations.Parameters; @Guice(modules = {TestModule.class}) public class BrowserFunctions { @Inject WebDriver driver; @Parameters({ "URL" }) @BeforeSuite public void invokeURL(String URL) { driver.get(URL); } @AfterSuite public void closeBrowser() { driver.close(); } }
Login.java
import com.google.inject.Inject; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Guice; import org.testng.annotations.Parameters; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; @Guice(modules = {TestModule.class}) public class Login { @Inject WebDriver driver; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); @Parameters({ "email", "password" }) @Test public void logInTest(String email, String passowrd) { Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKsignInCTA), "Sign in CTA visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKsignInCTA); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKEmailField), "Email field visible"); CommonFunctions.inputToField(driver, PageElements.amzUKEmailField, email); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKPasswordField), "Password field visible"); CommonFunctions.inputToField(driver, PageElements.amzUKPasswordField, passowrd); Assert.assertTrue(CommonFunctions.checkVisibility(driver, PageElements.amzUKSignInButton), "Sign in button visible"); CommonFunctions.clickButton(driver, PageElements.amzUKSignInButton); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Assert.assertEquals(driver.getCurrentUrl(), "https://www.amazon.co.uk/?ref_=nav_ya_signin&"); } }
等等
只需将您的WebDriver声明更改为静态
并且还会更改testng.xml的结构，如下例所示