如何使用Maven“shade”插件将Apache CXF应用程序打包到单片JAR中
我正在编写一个基于控制台的Java应用程序，旨在由cron以批处理方式运行。 批处理应用程序使用Apache CXF框架为JAX-WS调用SOAP Web服务。
为了简化部署并防止CLASSPATH问题，我想将应用程序（及其所有依赖项）捆绑到一个单一的JAR文件中…使用Maven的“shade”插件 。
当我从Eclipse工作区运行它时，我的应用程序工作正常。 但是，当我尝试执行着色的JAR文件时，我得到一个堆栈跟踪，如下所示：
org.apache.cxf.service.factory.ServiceConstructionException: Could not resolve a binding for null at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createBindingInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:404) at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createEndpointInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:258) at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createEndpoint(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:146) at org.apache.cxf.frontend.ClientFactoryBean.create(ClientFactoryBean.java:52) at org.apache.cxf.frontend.ClientProxyFactoryBean.create(ClientProxyFactoryBean.java:102) at org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean.create(JaxWsProxyFactoryBean.java:115) at com.example.gui.domain.Session.getService(Session.java:145) at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.AbstractServiceImpl.(AbstractServiceImpl.java:23) at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.(GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.java:14) at com.example.gui.domain.service.ServiceFactory.getGetUserConsoleOrgsService(ServiceFactory.java:443) at com.example.gui.domain.AccessManager.getOrgs(AccessManager.java:62) at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.login (ConsoleApplet.java:1253) at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.init(ConsoleApplet.java:1227) at sun.plugin2.applet.Plugin2Manager$AppletExecutionRunnable.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: org.apache.cxf.BusException: No binding factory for namespace http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/ registered. at org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManagerImpl.getBindingFactory(BindingFactoryManagerImpl.java:91) at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createBindingInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:394) ... 14 more java.lang.NullPointerException at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.getUserConsoleOrgs(GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.java:29) at com.example.gui.domain.AccessManager.getOrgs(AccessManager.java:64) at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.login (ConsoleApplet.java:1253) at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.init(ConsoleApplet.java:1227) at sun.plugin2.applet.Plugin2Manager$AppletExecutionRunnable.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
事实上，如果你查看这个讨论板消息 ，我遇到的问题与这个人有完全相同。 正如另一个人在那个post中指出的那样，我的问题可能在于Maven“shade”插件。
Apache CXF由许多JAR文件依赖项组成，显然这些JAR中不止一个依赖于其META-INF目录中的内容。 Maven“shade”插件显然将所有这些META-INF目录折叠成一个，并覆盖必要的文件而不是将它们合并在一起。
该讨论主题中的某个人提供了这个Maven POM文件的链接，显示有配置选项和变换器，用于使“shade”插件正确合并这些CXF依赖项。 我将这些设置插入到我自己的POM中，如下所示：
org.apache.maven.plugins maven-shade-plugin 1.4 package shade com.example.MainClass Apache CXF META-INF/spring.handlers META-INF/services/com.sun.tools.xjc.Plugin META-INF/spring.schemas META-INF/cxf/cxf.extension META-INF/extensions.xml META-INF/cxf/extensions.xml META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.xml META-INF/wsdl.plugin.xml META-INF/tools.service.validator.xml META-INF/tools-plugin.xml META-INF/cxf/java2wsbeans.xml
但是，我找不到任何关于这些设置正在做什么的真实解释…并且在启用调试输出的情况下运行Maven时出现以下错误：
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 1:14.357s [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 26 11:10:43 EDT 2011 [INFO] Final Memory: 18M/59M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade (default) on project salestax-poster: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade: ClassNotFoundException: Class name which was explicitly given in configuration using 'implementation' attribute: 'org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer' cannot be loaded -> [Help 1] org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade (default) on project salestax-poster: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade: ClassNotFoundException: Class name which was explicitly given in configuration using 'implementation' attribute: 'org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer' cannot be loaded at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:221) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59) ...
它似乎抱怨它找不到org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer类，它似乎存在于cxf-buildtools包中。 但是，当我将该包添加到POM的依赖项时，我在构建过程中又出现了另一个错误：
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh INFO: Refreshing org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31: display name [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]; startup date [Tue Jul 26 10:44:02 EDT 2011]; root of context hierarchy Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext getConfigResources INFO: No cxf.xml configuration file detected, relying on defaults. Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext obtainFreshBeanFactory INFO: Bean factory for application context [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26 Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26: defining beans [cxf,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationListener,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusWiringBeanFactoryPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.Jsr250BeanPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusExtensionPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.resource.ResourceManager,org.apache.cxf.configuration.Configurer,org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.DestinationFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.ConduitInitiatorManager,org.apache.cxf.wsdl.WSDLManager,org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseManager,org.apache.cxf.workqueue.WorkQueueManager,org.apache.cxf.buslifecycle.BusLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ClientLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.transports.http.QueryHandlerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.EndpointResolverRegistry,org.apache.cxf.headers.HeaderManager,org.apache.cxf.catalog.OASISCatalogManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServiceContractResolverRegistry]; root of factory hierarchy [DEBUG] java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.startElement(Stax2DOM.java:173) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:135) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:95) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:76) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.getWSDLDoc(WSDL11Validator.java:91) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.isValid(WSDL11Validator.java:111) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:201) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:61) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:132) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:238) at org.apache.cxf.tools.common.toolspec.ToolRunner.runTool(ToolRunner.java:83) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJava.run(WSDLToJava.java:103) at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:360) at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.execute(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:257) at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352) Jul 26, 2011 10:44:03 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose INFO: Closing org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31: display name [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]; startup date [Tue Jul 26 10:44:02 EDT 2011]; root of context hierarchy Jul 26, 2011 10:44:03 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry destroySingletons INFO: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26: defining beans [cxf,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationListener,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusWiringBeanFactoryPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.Jsr250BeanPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusExtensionPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.resource.ResourceManager,org.apache.cxf.configuration.Configurer,org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.DestinationFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.ConduitInitiatorManager,org.apache.cxf.wsdl.WSDLManager,org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseManager,org.apache.cxf.workqueue.WorkQueueManager,org.apache.cxf.buslifecycle.BusLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ClientLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.transports.http.QueryHandlerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.EndpointResolverRegistry,org.apache.cxf.headers.HeaderManager,org.apache.cxf.catalog.OASISCatalogManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServiceContractResolverRegistry]; root of factory hierarchy [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 8.152s [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 26 10:44:03 EDT 2011 [INFO] Final Memory: 10M/59M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:2.2:wsdl2java (generate-sources) on project salestax-poster: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; -> [Help 1] org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:2.2:wsdl2java (generate-sources) on project salestax-poster: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:217) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352) Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:363) at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.execute(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:257) at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209) ... 19 more Caused by: java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.startElement(Stax2DOM.java:173) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:135) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:95) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:76) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.getWSDLDoc(WSDL11Validator.java:91) at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.isValid(WSDL11Validator.java:111) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:201) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:61) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:132) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:238) at org.apache.cxf.tools.common.toolspec.ToolRunner.runTool(ToolRunner.java:83) at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJava.run(WSDLToJava.java:103) at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:360) ... 22 more
有没有人在Maven着色JAR的上下文中使用过Apache CXF，并且可以提供一些关于如何正常工作的指导？
解决方案是将cxf-buildtools的依赖项添加到插件元素。
org.apache.maven.plugins maven-shade-plugin 1.4 package shade ## you name class name ## META-INF/spring.handlers META-INF/spring.schemas META-INF/services/com.sun.tools.xjc.Plugin META-INF/cxf/cxf.extension META-INF/extensions.xml META-INF/cxf/extensions.xml META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.xml META-INF/wsdl.plugin.xml META-INF/tools.service.validator.xml META-INF/tools-plugin.xml META-INF/cxf/java2wsbeans.xml true executable org.apache.cxf cxf-buildtools 2.2.12 jar compile
在我的情况下，我只需要添加：
META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt
如果你看一下这个带有和没有变压器标签的文件，那么就会有很大的不同（只有一行与~50行），特别是行：
org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapBindingFactory::true org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapTransportFactory::true
我不相信这是导致问题的原因。
我或多或少地解决了这个问题。
Maven“shade”插件带有“变换器”的概念，它使您能够在单片JAR中将冲突文件合并在一起而不是覆盖另一个。 有不同类型的变压器……最常见的是：
-
org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer– 只需将一个文本文件附加到另一个文本文件的末尾 -
org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer– 将XML附加在一起，同时保持格式清晰
在我上面的POM片段中，我从该讨论板线程中提供的示例中获取了一个变换器列表。 它包括两个变形金刚，它们不是开箱即用的默认“阴影”插件的一部分：
-
org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer -
org.apache.cxf.maven.CXFAllTransformer
显然，这两个是特定于CXF的附加组件，不附带“阴影”插件，但必须由CXF JAR单独提供。
我的“解决方案”是不完整的，因为我无法弄清楚如何获得这些依赖关系。 它们似乎是cxf-buildtools Maven依赖包的一部分……但是正如上面的问题文档，无论我如何尝试将该依赖项插入到我的POM中，我都遇到了问题。
然而，实际上我的解决方案是简单地从“阴影”插件配置中完全删除这两个变换器。 没有它们，我的阴影JAR应用程序完美无缺。 也许这两个特定的变换器在特殊边缘情况下起作用，但对于vanilla CXF服务调用，似乎可以省略它们。
仅供记录，如果您使用带有cxf和shade插件的camel，请不要忘记“转换”文件META-INF / services / org / apache / camel / TypeConverterTypeConverter。 （3个小时丢失）
META-INF/services/org/apache/camel/TypeConverter
除了之前的回复，只是说为了使用对应于项目中包含的依赖项的对象JAXBContext （在我的例子中是jaxb-impl-2.2.11.jar），还需要连接META-INF /services/javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext就好
case PathList（“META-INF”，“services”，“javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext”，xs @ _ *）=> MergeStrategy.concat
在SBT中，或在Maven中的等价物。
否则，使用的JAXBContext将是JVM的，在我的例子中，我得到了这个
创建了JAXBContext“jar：file：/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_45.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar！/ com / sun / xml / internal / bind / v2 / runtime / JAXBContextImpl。 class Build-Id：1.8.0_45
我这样解决了它：
基本上cxf库都提供META-INF / cxf / bus-extensions.txt文件，打包器的默认行为是替换该文件，导致它不完整。 通过配置着色器来追加而不是替换cxf东西会表现正常。
将其添加到插件部分中pom的构建部分：
org.apache.maven.plugins maven-shade-plugin 1.4 true package shade META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt *:* META-INF/*.SF META-INF/*.DSA META-INF/*.RSA