Java Swing – 创建类似标签的动态宽度按钮
我正在使用桌面GUI设计迈出第一步。 我想要实现的是在一个表列中显示。 我希望它们具有视觉吸引力，也可以点击。
起初，我认为可以用JButton做一些hack，就像这个post中所建议的那样 。 但后来我意识到我不知道如何管理标签的动态宽度和拉伸图形以100％填充按钮。
我想实现类似于下面图像的东西。 在HTML + CSS中，每个标签都非常简单：
- 已离开边缘作为图形
- 具有可重复的1px宽背景
- 右边缘为图形
但是如何在Java中做到这一点？
info：我不在乎这是不是JButton，只要它很好，可点击和可拖动。
UPDATE
下面的样机代表了我想要做的事情。 它涉及JTable或多个JLists以及在该单词旁边浮动的那些标签。 在HTML + CSS中很容易做到，但我几乎不可能在Java中这样做。
我毫不怀疑有很多方法可以实现这一点，更好的方法是简单地编写一个UI委托，但让我们试着让它暂时保持基本……
（我已更新按钮代码，因此我将其包含在更新中）
你遇到的问题是JTable并不是为了做你想做的事情而设计的。 不容易实现分组行和可变行高。
这只是一个例子，但我所做的是生成一系列“模仿”你的基本要求的复合组件……
以下使用自己的camrik和SwingLabs，SwingX库编写的`WrapLayout’
import java.awt.BasicStroke; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Component; import java.awt.Container; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.FlowLayout; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.GridBagConstraints; import java.awt.GridBagLayout; import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.Insets; import java.awt.LinearGradientPaint; import java.awt.Point; import java.awt.RenderingHints; import java.awt.Shape; import java.awt.Stroke; import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.geom.Path2D; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.swing.AbstractButton; import javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JScrollPane; import javax.swing.SwingUtilities; import javax.swing.UIManager; import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException; import javax.swing.border.Border; import javax.swing.border.MatteBorder; import org.jdesktop.swingx.*; public class TestTagButton { public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTagButton(); } public TestTagButton() { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) { } JPanel wordsPane = new JPanel(new VerticalLayout()); wordsPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE); Word word = new Word("Hand"); word.addTag("body parts", 55); List translations = new ArrayList<>(3); translations.add("Reka"); translations.add("Dion"); translations.add("Garsec"); wordsPane.add(new WordGroupPane(word, translations)); word = new Word("Roof"); word.addTag("house", 17); word.addTag("architecture", 8); translations = new ArrayList<>(3); translations.add("Dach"); translations.add("Zadaszenie"); wordsPane.add(new WordGroupPane(word, translations)); JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); // frame.add(new JScrollPane(wordsPane)); frame.add(wordsPane); frame.pack(); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); frame.setVisible(true); } }); } public static class WordGroupPane extends JPanel { public WordGroupPane(Word word, List translations) { setOpaque(false); setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 2)); add(new WordPane(word)); add(new TranslationsPane(translations)); } } public static class TranslationsPane extends JPanel { protected static final Border SPLIT_BORDER = new MatteBorder(0, 0, 1, 0, Color.GRAY); public TranslationsPane(List translations) { setOpaque(false); setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1)); for (String translation : translations) { JLabel lbl = new JLabel(translation); lbl.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.LEFT); lbl.setBorder(SPLIT_BORDER); add(lbl); } } } public static class WordPane extends JPanel { public WordPane(Word word) { setBorder(new MatteBorder(0, 0, 1, 1, Color.GRAY)); setOpaque(false); setLayout(new GridBagLayout()); GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints(); gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTH; gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 8, 10, 8); JLabel label = new JLabel(word.getWord()); add(label, gbc); gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.weightx = 1; gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; gbc.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0); JPanel tagsPane = new JPanel(new WrapLayout(WrapLayout.LEFT)); tagsPane.setOpaque(false); for (Tag tag : word.getTags()) { TagButton tb = new TagButton(tag.getText()); Font font = tb.getFont(); font = font.deriveFont(font.getSize() - 3f); tb.setFont(font); tb.setTag(Integer.toString(tag.getCount())); tb.setSelected(true); tagsPane.add(tb); } add(tagsPane, gbc); } } public class Word { private String word; private List tags; public Word(String word) { this.word = word; this.tags = new ArrayList<>(25); } public void addTag(String text, int count) { addTag(new Tag(text, count)); } public String getWord() { return word; } public List getTags() { return tags; } public void addTag(Tag tag) { tags.add(tag); } } public class Tag { private String text; private int count; public Tag(String text, int count) { this.text = text; this.count = count; } public String getText() { return text; } public int getCount() { return count; } } public static class TagButton extends AbstractButton { private JLabel renderer; private String tag; public TagButton(String text) { this(); setText(text); } public TagButton() { setModel(new DefaultButtonModel()); setMargin(new Insets(8, 8, 8, 8)); addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { getModel().setPressed(true); } @Override public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { getModel().setPressed(false); getModel().setSelected(!isSelected()); } }); setFont(UIManager.getFont("Button.font")); } public void setTag(String value) { if (tag == null ? value != null : !tag.equals(value)) { String old = tag; tag = value; firePropertyChange("tag", old, tag); revalidate(); } } public String getTag() { return tag; } protected JLabel getRenderer() { if (renderer == null) { renderer = new JLabel(getText()); } return renderer; } @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize() { Insets margin = getMargin(); Dimension size = new Dimension(); size.width = margin.left + margin.right; size.height = margin.top + margin.bottom; JLabel renderer = getRenderer(); renderer.setText(getText()); size.width += renderer.getPreferredSize().width; size.height += renderer.getPreferredSize().height; size.width += getTagWidth(); return size; } protected int getTagWidth() { JLabel renderer = getRenderer(); renderer.setText(getTag()); renderer.setFont(getFont()); return renderer.getPreferredSize().width + 16; } @Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create(); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); // int fullWidth = getTagWidth() + 8; int width = getTagWidth() + 8; int height = getHeight() - 3; int tagWidth = getWidth() - 1 - width; Shape insert = new TagInsert(width, height); int x = getWidth() - width - 1; if (!isSelected()) { x -= getTagWidth(); } x -= 4; g2d.translate(x, 1); g2d.setPaint(new Color(242, 95, 0)); g2d.fill(insert); g2d.setPaint(new Color(222, 83, 0)); g2d.draw(insert); Stroke stroke = g2d.getStroke(); BasicStroke stitch = new BasicStroke(1f, BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT, BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER, 10f, new float[]{3f}, 0f); g2d.setStroke(stitch); g2d.setColor(new Color(167, 65, 1)); g2d.drawLine(0, 2, width, 2); g2d.drawLine(0, height - 2, width, height - 2); g2d.setColor(new Color(249, 127, 50)); g2d.drawLine(0, 3, width, 3); g2d.drawLine(0, height - 1, width, height - 1); g2d.setStroke(stroke); if (isSelected()) { JLabel renderer = getRenderer(); renderer.setFont(getFont()); renderer.setText(getTag()); renderer.setSize(width - 8, renderer.getPreferredSize().height); renderer.setForeground(Color.WHITE); renderer.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER); int xPos = 4;//((tagWidth - renderer.getWidth()) / 2); int yPos = (height - renderer.getHeight()) / 2; g2d.translate(xPos, yPos); renderer.printAll(g2d); g2d.translate(-xPos, -yPos); } g2d.translate(-x, -1); height = getHeight() - 1; Shape baseShape = new TagShape(tagWidth, height); LinearGradientPaint lgpFill = new LinearGradientPaint( new Point(0, 0), new Point(0, getHeight() - 1), new float[]{0f, 1f}, new Color[]{new Color(248, 248, 248), new Color(241, 241, 241)} ); g2d.setPaint(lgpFill); g2d.fill(baseShape); LinearGradientPaint lgpOutline = new LinearGradientPaint( new Point(0, 0), new Point(0, getHeight() - 1), new float[]{0f, 1f}, new Color[]{UIManager.getColor("Button.shadow"), UIManager.getColor("Button.darkShadow")} ); g2d.setPaint(lgpOutline); g2d.draw(baseShape); JLabel renderer = getRenderer(); renderer.setFont(getFont()); renderer.setText(getText()); renderer.setSize(renderer.getPreferredSize()); renderer.setForeground(getForeground()); x = (tagWidth - renderer.getWidth()) / 2; int y = (height - renderer.getHeight()) / 2; renderer.setLocation(x, y); g2d.translate(x, y); renderer.printAll(g2d); g2d.translate(-x, -y); g2d.setColor(Color.RED); // g2d.drawRect(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1); g2d.dispose(); } } protected static class TagInsert extends Path2D.Float { public TagInsert(float width, float height) { float gap = 3; float radius = (height - (gap * 5)) / 4f; moveTo(0, 0); lineTo(width, 0); float yPos = 0; lineTo(width, 1); float topY = gap; for (int index = 0; index < 4; index++) { float bottomY = topY + radius; float x = width - (radius / 2); lineTo(width, topY); curveTo(x, topY, x, bottomY, width, bottomY); topY += radius; topY += gap; lineTo(width, topY); } lineTo(width, height); lineTo(0, height); lineTo(0, 0); } } protected static class TagShape extends Path2D.Float { protected static final float RADIUS = 8; public TagShape(float width, float height) { moveTo(RADIUS, 0); lineTo(width, 0); float clip = RADIUS / 2f; float topY = (height / 2f) - clip; float bottomY = (height / 2f) + clip; lineTo(width, topY); curveTo(width - clip, topY, width - clip, bottomY, width, bottomY); lineTo(width, height); lineTo(RADIUS, height); curveTo(0, height, 0, height, 0, height - RADIUS); lineTo(0, RADIUS); curveTo(0, 0, 0, 0, RADIUS, 0); } } }
使用javafx按钮而不是摆动。 javafx按钮具有css属性。
根据您的要求，看起来JButton似乎是一个很好的起点，因为它拥有您想要的大部分内容。
就宽度而言，您很可能需要将JButton子类化，以便您可以更新构造函数中的宽度，如下所示：
private static class FancyButton extends JButton{ public FancyButton(String name) { super(name); //Calculate new width setPreferredSize(new Dimension(newWidth, 30)); } }
或者有一个设置按钮的方法来确定和设置宽度。
如果你想在JTable使用它们，你需要一个自定义渲染器来绘制带有或不带数字的按钮。 数值和状态应存储在TableModel 。 要获得按钮的行为，您需要一个自定义编辑器 ，可能需要一个返回JToggleButton实例的编辑器 。 在此示例中 ， JCheckBox的实例（ JToggleButton的子类）用于显示列中的状态和值。