启动Java项目时的类冲突：ClassMetadataReadingVisitor将接口org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor作为超类
我正在使用最新的Spring框架版本（3.2.2-RELEASE）开发一个Java Web项目，但现在我在项目启动时遇到了问题。 细节错误是
java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError：
class org.springframework.core.type.classreading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor将接口org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor作为超类。
我在互联网和这个网站上也研究过这个问题，并得到了一些线索。 我已经从我的项目中删除了asm和spring-asm库，但它没有用。 我看到还有另一个ClassVisitor接口，它在默认JRE的rt.jar中定义。 这是导致这场冲突的原因吗？
但我确实认识到：
class ClassMetadataReadingVisitor extends ClassVisitor implements ClassMetadata { private String className; .... } ClassMetadataReadingVisitor引用class org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor （已在spring-core包中提供），那么它如何与JRE的com.sun.xml.internal.ws.org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor接口冲突呢？ 我不知道怎么会发生这种情况？
这是完整的堆栈：
[ERROR 13:49:39] (ContextLoader:319) - Context initialization failed org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to read candidate component class: file [D:\workspace\.projects\myproject\trunk\target\myproject\WEB-INF\classes\com\myproject\action\AuthenticationAction.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.core.type.classreading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor has interface org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor as super class at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:281) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:242) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse(ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.java:84) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport.parse(NamespaceHandlerSupport.java:73) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1438) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1428) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:139) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:108) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:493) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:130) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:451) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4205) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4704) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:675) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptors(HostConfig.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:502) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1315) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:324) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1061) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.core.type.classreading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor has interface org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor as super class at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2818) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2818) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.(SimpleMetadataReader.java:63) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:80) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:102) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:257) ... 47 more [ERROR 13:49:39] (ContextLoader:319) - Context initialization failed org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to read candidate component class: file [D:\workspace\.projects\myproject\trunk\target\myproject\WEB-INF\classes\com\myproject\action\AuthenticationAction.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.core.type.classreading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor has interface org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor as super class at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:281) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:242) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse(ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.java:84) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport.parse(NamespaceHandlerSupport.java:73) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1438) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1428) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:139) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:108) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:493) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:130) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:451) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4205) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4704) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:675) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptors(HostConfig.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:502) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1315) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:324) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1061) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.core.type.classreading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor has interface org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor as super class at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2818) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2818) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.(SimpleMetadataReader.java:63) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:80) at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:102) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:257) ... 47 more
以下是依赖项列表：
activation-1.0.2.jar antlr-2.7.7.jar antlr-runtime-3.3.jar arena-0.1.jar asm-3.3.1.jar (removed from classpath) aspectjweaver.jar bcprov-jdk16-145.jar c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar cglib-2.1_3.jar com.springsource.org.apache.xml.serializer-2.7.1.jar commons-beanutils-1.8.3.jar commons-codec-1.7.jar commons-collections-3.2.1.jar commons-dbcp-1.4.jar commons-digester-2.1.jar commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar commons-httpclient-3.1.jar commons-io-2.4.jar commons-lang-2.6.jar commons-logging-1.1.1.jar commons-pool-1.6.jar commons-vfs-patched-1.9.1.jar commons-vfs2-2.0.jar csv.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar fop-1.0.jar gson-2.2.2.jar htmlcleaner-2.4.jar httpclient-4.2.3.jar httpcore-4.2.3.jar httpcore-nio-4.2.3.jar httpmime-4.2.3.jar jaxen-1.1-beta-6.jar jcifs-1.3.15.jar jdom-1.0.jar jersey-client-1.8.jar jersey-core-1.8.jar jersey-multipart-1.0.3.144640.jar jersey-server-1.8.jar jersey-spring-1.8.jar joda-time-2.2.jar joda-time-jsptags-1.1.1.jar jodconverter-2.2.2.jar json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar json-simple-1.1.1.jar json-taglib-0.4.1.jar jsoup-1.7.2.jar jstl-1.2.jar juh-3.2.1.jar jurt-3.2.1.jar log4j-1.2.17.jar mail-1.4.5.jar persistence-api-1.0.2.jar poi-3.9.jar poi-ooxml-3.9.jar poi-ooxml-schemas-3.9.jar poi-scratchpad-3.9.jar postgresql-9.1-901-1.jdbc4.jar quartz-2.1.6.jar ridl-3.2.1.jar scribe-1.3.3.jar slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar slf4j-jdk14-1.7.5.jar spring-aop-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-asm-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar (removed from classpath) spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-context-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-context-support-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-core-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-expression-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-jdbc-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-tx-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-web-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar spring-webmvc-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar standard-1.1.2.jar stax-api-1.0.1.jar stringtemplate-4.0.2.jar unoil-3.2.1.jar velocity-1.7.jar velocity-tools-2.0.jar wmf2svg-0.9.3.jar xalan-2.7.1.jar xercesImpl-2.11.0.jar xml-apis-1.4.01.jar xmlbeans-2.6.0.jar xmlgraphics-commons-1.5.jar xstream-1.4.4.jar
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如果您使用的是弹簧版本> 3.2.0，则不再需要特别包含spring-asm，因为它已包含在spring-core中。
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见http://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/3.2.16.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/#migration-3.2-inline-asm
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configurations { all*.exclude group: 'org.springframework', module: 'spring-asm' }
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