Spring JPA（Hibernate）没有类型的限定bean：javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory
我正在使用Spring-boot，因此在Tomcat 7中部署了一场战争。当我启动应用程序时，我得到以下内容：
Dec 30, 2013 7:41:06 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet' 2013-12-30 19:41:06 INFO DispatcherServlet:461 - FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started 2013-12-30 19:41:06 INFO SimpleUrlHandlerMapping:315 - Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2013-12-30 19:41:06 INFO RequestMappingHandlerMapping:181 - Mapped "{[/user],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public com.cloudfordev.controlpanel.orm.User com.cloudfordev.controlpanel.GetController.getUser(int) 2013-12-30 19:41:07 INFO SimpleUrlHandlerMapping:315 - Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2013-12-30 19:41:07 INFO SimpleUrlHandlerMapping:315 - Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2013-12-30 19:41:08 INFO DispatcherServlet:480 - FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 1957 ms Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector INFO: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol stop INFO: Stopping ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal INFO: Stopping service Tomcat Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol stop INFO: Stopping ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] Dec 30, 2013 7:41:08 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] 2013-12-30 19:41:08 INFO AutoConfigurationReportLoggingInitializer$AutoConfigurationReportLogger:108 - ========================= AUTO-CONFIGURATION REPORT ========================= Positive matches: ----------------- MessageSourceAutoConfiguration - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.context.MessageSource; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration#propertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer; SearchStrategy: current) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) DataSourceAutoConfiguration - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType (OnClassCondition) DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate,org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate,org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager (OnClassCondition) JpaBaseConfiguration.JpaWebConfiguration - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - SpEL expression on org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration: #{true} (OnExpressionCondition) DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet (OnClassCondition) - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnBean (types: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found the following [tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory] (OnBeanCondition) DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration#dispatcherServlet - no DispatcherServlet found (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DefaultDispatcherServletCondition) EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedTomcat - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory; SearchStrategy: current) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) ServerPropertiesAutoConfiguration#serverProperties - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.properties.ServerProperties; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebMvcAutoConfiguration - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet,org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annota tion.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter (OnClassCondition) - found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet,org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annota tion.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebMvcAutoConfiguration#hiddenHttpMethodFilter - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebMvcAutoConfiguration.WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter#defaultViewResolver - @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) Negative matches: ----------------- RabbitAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate,com.rabbitmq.client.Channel (OnClassCondition) AopAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect,org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice (OnClassCondition) BatchAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher (OnClassCondition) JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository (OnClassCondition) MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: com.mongodb.Mongo,org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository (OnClassCondition) DataSourceAutoConfiguration.DbcpConfiguration - org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource DataSource class not found (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.BasicDatabaseCondition) DataSourceAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedConfiguration - no embedded database detected (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedDatabaseCondition) DataSourceAutoConfiguration.JdbcTemplateConfiguration - no existing bean configured database (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.DatabaseCondition) DataSourceAutoConfiguration.TomcatConfiguration - org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource DataSource class not found (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.TomcatDatabaseCondition) DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration#transactionManager - @ConditionalOnBean (types: javax.sql.DataSource; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) JmsTemplateAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate,javax.jms.ConnectionFactory (OnClassCondition) DeviceResolverAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceResolverHandlerInterceptor,org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceHandlerMethodArgumentResolver (OnClassCondition) HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement,javax.persistence.EntityManager,org.hibernate.ejb.HibernateEntityManager (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement,javax.persistence.EntityManager,org.hibernate.ejb.HibernateEntityManager (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnBean (types: javax.sql.DataSource; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) ReactorAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: reactor.spring.context.config.EnableReactor (OnClassCondition) ThymeleafAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.thymeleaf.spring3.SpringTemplateEngine (OnClassCondition) EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedJetty - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server,org.eclipse.jetty.util.Loader (OnClassCondition) MultipartAutoConfiguration - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver (OnClassCondition) - @ConditionalOnBean (types: javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebMvcAutoConfiguration.WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter#beanNameViewResolver - @ConditionalOnBean (types: org.springframework.web.servlet.View; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebMvcAutoConfiguration.WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter#viewResolver - @ConditionalOnBean (types: org.springframework.web.servlet.View; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition) WebSocketAutoConfiguration - required @ConditionalOnClass classes not found: org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler (OnClassCondition) java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:53) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userDao': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:356) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1180) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:660) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:552) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:293) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:749) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:738) at com.cloudfordev.controlpanel.Application.main(Application.java:14) ... 6 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findDefaultEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:559) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:515) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.resolveEntityManager(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:682) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.getResourceToInject(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:655) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:150) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:353) ... 22 more 这是我的应用程序启动的方式：
@Configuration @ComponentScan @EnableAutoConfiguration public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
当我的Spring控制器处理连接时：
@Controller public class GetController { private UserService userService; @Autowired public void setUserService(UserService userService) { this.userService = userService; } @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody User getUser(@RequestParam(value="id", required=true) int id) { User user = null; user = userService.getUser(id); return user; } }
它在userService上执行getUser：
@Component public class UserService { private UserDAO UserDao; public UserDAO getUserDao() { return UserDao; } @Autowired public void setUserDao(UserDAO UserDao) { this.UserDao = UserDao; } public User getUser(int id) { return getUserDao().load(id); } }
使用userDao查找实体：
@Repository("userDao") @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED) public class UserDAO { @PersistenceContext private EntityManager entityManager; public void insert(User user) { entityManager.persist(user); } public User load(int id) { return entityManager.find(User.class, id); } }
我在/ src / main / resources中有以下spring-config.xml：
最后但并非最不重要的是以下/src/main/resources/persistence.xml：
com.mydomain.orm.User
我该怎么做才能解决此错误？
您希望注入EntityManager ，但是该字段上没有任何注入注释，并且“factory”在任何情况下都是错误的限定符。 使用@PersistenceContext注释您的字段，如果需要，使用unitName来区分多个持久性单元。
回答已编辑的问题：您的XML文件未包含在内，因为您从Application类开始，而Spring只是从那里跟随@ComponentScan 。 将此导入添加到Application类（或任何已扫描的@Configuration类）：
@ImportResource("classpath:spring-config.xml")
或者，您可以将XML配置迁移到JavaConfig格式，Spring将对其进行组件扫描。
您的问题是您正在使用注释配置，该注释配置已在类路径中搜索带注释的bean，这会尝试实例化UserDAO但您不在此处提供EntityManagerFactory。
您可以通过@ImportResource("classpath:spring-config.xml")将JavaConfig与XML配置相结合。
@Configuration @ComponentScan @EnableAutoConfiguration @ImportResource("classpath:spring-config.xml") public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
@Controller public class GetController { @Autowired UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody User getUser(@RequestParam(value="id", required=true) int id) { return userService.getUser(id); } }
@Component public class UserService { @Autowired private UserDAO UserDao; public User getUser(int id) { return getUserDao().load(id); } }
我建议使用Spring Data作为DAO，你可以节省很多样板代码。
查看崩溃后出现的autoconfig报告，我可以看到没有定义DataSource 。 如果你的类路径上有正确的东西，Spring Boot会为你创建一个 – 例如，至少可以在你的类路径上获得包括h2或hsqldb在内的工作。
顺便提一下，如果以正确的方式使用Spring Boot，则XML文件是多余的。